| Preface |
|
xi | |
|
|
|
1 | (21) |
|
|
|
1 | (1) |
|
|
|
1 | (4) |
|
|
|
5 | (5) |
|
|
|
10 | (1) |
|
Hydroelectric Power Plant |
|
|
11 | (1) |
|
|
|
12 | (1) |
|
Transmission and Distribution Systems |
|
|
13 | (5) |
|
The Deregulated Electric Power Industry |
|
|
18 | (4) |
|
|
|
22 | (31) |
|
|
|
22 | (1) |
|
|
|
22 | (1) |
|
Complex Power Supplied to a One-Port |
|
|
23 | (7) |
|
Conservation of Complex Power |
|
|
30 | (5) |
|
|
|
35 | (8) |
|
|
|
43 | (3) |
|
Balanced Three-Phase Power |
|
|
46 | (1) |
|
|
|
47 | (6) |
|
Transmission-Line Parameters |
|
|
53 | (37) |
|
|
|
53 | (1) |
|
|
|
54 | (3) |
|
Flux Linkages of Infinite Straight Wire |
|
|
57 | (3) |
|
Flux Linkages; Many-Conductor Case |
|
|
60 | (4) |
|
|
|
64 | (3) |
|
|
|
67 | (4) |
|
Impedance of Three Phase Lines Including Ground Return |
|
|
71 | (4) |
|
Review of Electric Fields |
|
|
75 | (1) |
|
|
|
76 | (5) |
|
Determination of Line Parameters Using Tables |
|
|
81 | (3) |
|
|
|
84 | (1) |
|
|
|
85 | (5) |
|
Transmission-Line Modeling |
|
|
90 | (37) |
|
|
|
90 | (1) |
|
Derivation of Terminal V, I Relations |
|
|
90 | (7) |
|
Waves on Transmission Lines |
|
|
97 | (1) |
|
|
|
98 | (1) |
|
Lumped-Circuit Equivalent |
|
|
99 | (2) |
|
|
|
101 | (2) |
|
Complex Power Transmission (Short Line) |
|
|
103 | (7) |
|
Complex Power Transmission (Radial Line) |
|
|
110 | (2) |
|
Complex Power Transmission (Long or Medium Lines) |
|
|
112 | (1) |
|
Power-Handling Capability of Lines |
|
|
113 | (3) |
|
|
|
116 | (11) |
|
Transformer Modeling And The Per Unit System |
|
|
127 | (60) |
|
|
|
127 | (1) |
|
Single-Phase Transformer Model |
|
|
127 | (9) |
|
Three-Phase Transformer connections |
|
|
136 | (6) |
|
|
|
142 | (8) |
|
|
|
150 | (7) |
|
|
|
157 | (3) |
|
Per Unit Three-Phase Quantities |
|
|
160 | (3) |
|
|
|
163 | (1) |
|
Per Unit Analysis of Normal System |
|
|
164 | (6) |
|
Regulating Transformers for Voltage and Phase Angle Control |
|
|
170 | (5) |
|
|
|
175 | (2) |
|
Transmission Line and Transformers |
|
|
177 | (2) |
|
|
|
179 | (8) |
|
Generator Modeling I (Machine Viewpoint) |
|
|
187 | (28) |
|
|
|
187 | (1) |
|
Classical Machine Description |
|
|
187 | (2) |
|
|
|
189 | (1) |
|
|
|
190 | (3) |
|
|
|
193 | (3) |
|
|
|
196 | (9) |
|
Power Delivered by Generator |
|
|
205 | (3) |
|
Synchronizing Generator to an Infinite Bus |
|
|
208 | (3) |
|
|
|
211 | (1) |
|
Role of Synchronous Machine Excitation in Controlling Reactive Power |
|
|
211 | (1) |
|
|
|
212 | (3) |
|
Generator Modelling II (Circuit Viewpoint) |
|
|
215 | (58) |
|
|
|
215 | (1) |
|
|
|
215 | (6) |
|
Application to Synchronous Machine |
|
|
221 | (5) |
|
|
|
226 | (3) |
|
|
|
229 | (2) |
|
Park's Mechanical Equation |
|
|
231 | (1) |
|
|
|
232 | (3) |
|
Instantaneous Power Output |
|
|
235 | (1) |
|
|
|
235 | (15) |
|
|
|
250 | (5) |
|
|
|
255 | (1) |
|
|
|
256 | (9) |
|
Generator Connected to Infinite Bus (Linear Model) |
|
|
265 | (4) |
|
|
|
269 | (4) |
|
|
|
273 | (21) |
|
|
|
273 | (1) |
|
Exciter System Block Diagram |
|
|
274 | (3) |
|
|
|
277 | (3) |
|
Stability of Excitation System |
|
|
280 | (1) |
|
|
|
281 | (3) |
|
Generator Connected to Infinite Bus |
|
|
284 | (8) |
|
|
|
292 | (2) |
|
|
|
294 | (29) |
|
|
|
294 | (1) |
|
|
|
294 | (9) |
|
|
|
303 | (6) |
|
Network Reduction (Kron Reduction) |
|
|
309 | (2) |
|
YBUS Structure and Manipulation |
|
|
311 | (1) |
|
|
|
311 | (6) |
|
Inverse Elements to Determine Columns of ZBUS |
|
|
317 | (2) |
|
|
|
319 | (4) |
|
|
|
323 | (52) |
|
|
|
323 | (2) |
|
|
|
325 | (2) |
|
|
|
327 | (3) |
|
Solution by Gauss Iteration |
|
|
330 | (6) |
|
More General Iteration Scheme |
|
|
336 | (3) |
|
|
|
339 | (4) |
|
Application to Power Flow Equations |
|
|
343 | (9) |
|
|
|
352 | (4) |
|
|
|
356 | (4) |
|
Regulating Transformers in Powers Flow Analysis |
|
|
360 | (4) |
|
Power Flow Solutions for Large Power Systems |
|
|
364 | (2) |
|
|
|
366 | (9) |
|
Automatic Generation Control And The New Market Environment |
|
|
375 | (70) |
|
|
|
375 | (2) |
|
Power Control System Modeling |
|
|
377 | (7) |
|
Application to Single Machine-Infinite Bus System |
|
|
384 | (1) |
|
Simplified Analysis of Power Control System |
|
|
385 | (3) |
|
Power Control, Multigenerator case |
|
|
388 | (3) |
|
Special Case: Two Generating Units |
|
|
391 | (4) |
|
Division of Power Into Control Areas |
|
|
395 | (5) |
|
Formulation of the Economic Dispatch Problem |
|
|
400 | (5) |
|
Classical Economic Dispatch (Line Losses Neglected) |
|
|
405 | (6) |
|
Generator Limits Included |
|
|
411 | (5) |
|
|
|
416 | (5) |
|
Calculation of Penalty Factors |
|
|
421 | (8) |
|
Economic Issues and Mechanisms in the New Market Environment |
|
|
429 | (4) |
|
Transmission Issues and Effects in the New Market Environment |
|
|
433 | (8) |
|
|
|
441 | (4) |
|
Unbalanced System Operation |
|
|
445 | (50) |
|
|
|
445 | (1) |
|
|
|
446 | (5) |
|
Use of Symmetrical Components for Fault Analysis |
|
|
451 | (4) |
|
Sequence Network Connections for Different Types of Faults |
|
|
455 | (6) |
|
More General Fault Circuit Analysis |
|
|
461 | (1) |
|
Power from Sequence Variables |
|
|
462 | (1) |
|
Sequence Representation of Y and δ Connected Circuit |
|
|
463 | (3) |
|
Generator Models for Sequence Networks |
|
|
466 | (3) |
|
Transformer Models for Sequence Networks |
|
|
469 | (2) |
|
Sequence Representation of Transmission Lines |
|
|
471 | (4) |
|
Assembly of Sequence Networks |
|
|
475 | (2) |
|
Fault Analysis for Realistic Power System Model |
|
|
477 | (5) |
|
|
|
482 | (4) |
|
|
|
486 | (9) |
|
|
|
495 | (33) |
|
|
|
495 | (2) |
|
Protection of Radial Systems |
|
|
497 | (7) |
|
|
|
504 | (4) |
|
Impedance (Distance) Relays |
|
|
508 | (4) |
|
Modified Impedance Relays |
|
|
512 | (2) |
|
Differential Protection of Generators |
|
|
514 | (2) |
|
Differential Protection of Transformers |
|
|
516 | (2) |
|
Differential Protection of Buses and Lines |
|
|
518 | (1) |
|
Overlapping Zones of Protection |
|
|
519 | (1) |
|
|
|
520 | (2) |
|
|
|
522 | (3) |
|
|
|
525 | (3) |
|
|
|
528 | (52) |
|
|
|
528 | (1) |
|
|
|
529 | (3) |
|
|
|
532 | (4) |
|
Linearization of Swing Equation |
|
|
536 | (2) |
|
Solution of Nonlinear Swing Equation |
|
|
538 | (11) |
|
|
|
549 | (5) |
|
Extension to Two-Machine Case |
|
|
554 | (2) |
|
|
|
556 | (7) |
|
Multimachine Stability Studies |
|
|
563 | (12) |
|
|
|
575 | (5) |
| APPENDICES |
|
580 | (32) |
|
|
|
580 | (1) |
|
Appendix 2:Force Generation in a Solenoid |
|
|
581 | (3) |
|
Appendix 3:Method of Lagrange Multipliers |
|
|
584 | (2) |
|
Appendix 4:Root-Locus Method |
|
|
586 | (7) |
|
Appendix 5:Negative- and Zero-Sequence Impedances of synchronous Machines |
|
|
593 | (6) |
|
Appendix 6:Inversion Formula |
|
|
599 | (2) |
|
Appendix 7:Modification of Impedance Matrices |
|
|
601 | (4) |
|
Appendix 8:Data for Transmission Line Parameters |
|
|
605 | (7) |
| Selected Bibliography |
|
612 | (2) |
| Index |
|
614 | |